DefinitionMogul competition shall consist of
one run of free skiing on a steep, heavily moguled course, stressing technical turns,
aerial maneuvers and speed. See Rule 3060.2.1 concerning Semi-Finals and Finals.
Scoring
Turns; Consisting of 50% of the score.
Air; Consisting of 25% of the score.
Speed; Consisting of 25% of the score.
Scoring Procedures
7 Judge Format
The Judges will evaluate the competitor’s performance using a split scoring system
as follows:
Turn Judges
Five Judges shall independently evaluate the competitor’s performance based upon
the criteria as stated in 6204.1. The high and low scores shall be discarded and the
remaining three scores added together.
Air Judges
Two Judges shall independently evaluate the competitors aerial maneuver(s) based upon
the criteria as stated in 6204.2. The scores will be averaged for a total air score and
truncated to two decimal places.
Total Air Score = 3.75 (max) x 2 jumps = 7.5 (max) per Judge.
Total Score
The average of the two air scores is added to the total of the three counting turn
scores to get the competitors total Judges score. The speed score, as calculated in 6204.3
shall be added to the total Judges score to determine the competitor’s complete Mogul
score.
5 Judge Format
The Judges will evaluate the competitor’s performance using a split scoring system
as follows:
Turn Judges
Three Judges shall independently evaluate the competitor’s performance based upon
the criteria as stated in 6204.1. The three scores shall be added together.
Air Judges
Two Judges shall independently evaluate the competitors aerial maneuver(s) based upon
the criteria as stated in 6204.2. The scores will be averaged for a total air score and
truncated to two decimal places.
Total Air Score = 3.75 (max) x 2 jumps = 7.5 (max) per Judge.
Total Score
The average of the two air scores is added to the total of the three counting turn
scores to get the competitors total Judges score. The speed score, as calculated in 6204.3
shall be added to the total Judges score to determine the competitor’s complete Mogul
score.
| Turns (50% of the
Score) Min. = 0.0 / Max. = 5.0 |
Turns, as a judging criteria refer to a technical evaluation of how
well a skier turns through the moguls. Turns, in a mogul event, refer to rhythmic changes
in direction of travel to either side of the fall-line, utilizing an aggressive,
controlled technique.
There are Nine (9) Points to Consider
Fall-Line
Skiing in the fall-line is considered the shortest way from a
starting point to the finish line. To achieve the maximum points for fall-line the skier
should stay in the selected fall-line out of the start gate. A course should always be set
so that the natural fall-line of the hill is the center line of the control gates.
Utilization of Moguls
Using moguls to assist initiation of the turn through carving action
of the skis. Minimum one turn per mogul.
Economy of Motion
Minimal effort for maximum result to accomplish turning
action.
Absorption
Ski-snow contact to be maintained as much as possible. The faster
the skiing, the more absorption there has to be. Movement of upper body should be kept
minimal. Legs should be used as shock absorbers in anticipation of the moguls.
Carving Action
All turns should be initiated by carving. Efficient use of edging to
control speed in and out of the turn throughout the run.
Body Position
Head should remain still, facing downhill. Shoulders should stay
square to the fall-line. Arms should stay in front of the body in a natural position. Legs
should be held together with a combination of hip-knee and ankle angulation.
Pole Plants
Pole plants should be used to assist the skier with respect to
timing and balance. Rational movements. Hands stay in front. Double pole plants should be
avoided except for take off and landing of jumps.
Control
Control is to be maintained by technical skiing as described above.
Aggressiveness
Aggressiveness is skiing to ones personal limits, but not beyond
Mogul point guideline
Excellent 4.6 - 5.0
Very good 4.1 - 4.5
Good 3.6 - 4.0
Above Average 3.1 - 3.5
Competent 2.6 - 3.0
Below average 2.1 - 2.5
Poor 1.1 - 2.0
Very poor 0.1 - 1.0
Not skied 0.0 - RNS/DNS
| Air (25% of the
Score) Min. = 0.0 / Max. = 7.5 |
The scoring of air is broken into two parts, Air and Difficulty. The
maneuver will be evaluated for form out of 2.5 with a degree of difficulty multiplier,
based on the trick(s) performed. See formula 6204.2.1.2
Form
Priorities to judge form and position of the jumps in mogul skiing
are set as follows:
First Quality (Form, Landing).
Second Air (Height and Distance).
Third Spontaneity
Maximum point allotment 2.5/jump.
Note: Jmps must receive at least 0.1 form points to receive
difficulty multiplier.
POINT GUIDELINE
| Excellent Jump |
2.1 - 2.5 |
| Good Jump |
1.6 - 2.0 |
| Average Jump |
1.1 - 1.5 |
| Poor Jump |
0.6 - 1.0 |
| Very Poor Jump |
0.0 - 0.5 |
Difficulty
The difficulty of the maneuver will be evaluated in accordance with
the Difficulty formulas below.
| Single maneuver |
Form score x 2.62/2.5 |
| Double maneuver |
Form score x 3.18/2.5 |
| Triple maneuver |
Form score x 3.75/2.5 |
| Helicopter (360°) |
Form score x 3.57/2.5 |
| 360° with 1 position |
Form score x 3.75/2.5 |
| 360° with 2 positions |
Form score x 4.25/2.5 (to a max. 3.75) |
| 720° |
Form score x 4.25/2.5 (to a max. 3.75) |
| 720° with position |
Form score x 4.25/2.5 (to a max. 3.75) |
| Quad maneuver |
Form score x 4.25/2.5 (to a max. 3.75) |
The Air Judges have to be in agreement about the jump performed. If
there is a disagreement, then the Head Judge has the call. For a 360° with position(s),
the position(s) can be performed during the rotation or after the rotation.
Every competitor must perform two different jumps. "Two
different jumps" are defined as:
- fferent number of positions.
- o jumps of different groups.
If two multiple maneuvers are performed they can have the same group
combination, but the order must change. Only identically performed jumps will be
considered repeated jumps.
|
can do |
can do |
can’t do |
| 1st Jump |
TD |
TST |
S |
| 2nd Jump |
DT |
STS |
K |
Different jump groups in Moguls are listed below:
1. Spread Eagle, Kosak, Zudnik.
2. Daffy.
3. Back Scratcher, Mule Kick, Iron Cross
4. Twister.
5. Helicopter (360°)
6. 360° with 1 position
6. 360° with 2 positions
8. 720°
9. 720° with one or more positions
Full control must be gained after every jump, resulting in
controlled turns. If a competitor jumps over the light beam at the finish line he will not
receive any time points. If a competitor lands a jump with the ski boot(s) on or before
the finish line the jump is counted.
| Speed (25% of the
Score) Min. = 0.0 / Max. = 7.5 |
Speed is simply the amount of time taken to complete the run. Time
shall be taken from the moment that the competitor leaves the starting gate until they
cross the finish line. The points awarded for speed will be called time points and
calculated with the following procedure:
Pace Setter
For each mogul event, four (4) pace setters for women and four (4)
pace setters for men shall be selected as set forth in Rule 6205.3. The selected pace
setters shall be required to ski the course on the day of the event in the presence of the
judges, conforming to all mogul criteria. The judges shall score all four women and four
men pace setters' runs in accordance with the criteria set forth in Rules 6203,6204.1 and
6204.2. (excluding speed points).
If a tie exists for the choice of pace setter, the tie will be
broken using a Judge by Judge comparison. Should the pace setters still be tied, then the
pace set time of the skier with the fastest time shall be selected.
Speed Calculation (same for 5 or 7 judges in split scoring)
The pace set time shall equal a point value of 5.625 points. This is
based upon 75% value of the maximum time points available to the competitor (three judges'
scores at 2.5 points each, equals 7.5 points maximum speed score). Each skiers time will
be used to calculate that skiers time points based upon the following formula:
Each 2 1/2 percent increment of time difference greater or lesser
than the pace set time shall be equal to 0.2 points. Times faster than the pace set time
will be awarded scores greater than 5.625 but in no event greater than 7.5. Times slower
than the pace set time will be awarded scores lower than 5.625 but in no event less than 0
points. The result of this formula will be truncated to two decimal places.
Example:
Pace set time = 24.53 seconds
24.53 seconds = 5.625 points (75 % of maximum points available)
2.5% time increments = 0.613 (24.53 X 0.025 - 0.61325 seconds)
1. Difference of competitor time to pace set time.
2. 2.5% time increment calculated on pace set time.
3. Each 2.5% time increment equal to 0.2 points, plus or minus from
5.625.
Formula:
The time points can be easily calculated by using the following
formula, known as the "Grange Formula":
Time Points = 13.625 - 8 X Competitor's Time
Pace Setter's Time
Falls
Deduction of Turn Score
The „Deductions" category is only for deductions of
falls and complete stops. All other errors in the run should be reflected in the
„Turns" category.
„Stumbles" that do not involve stops or falls are not
considered in the Deductions category. They are considered when awarding Turns points.
1.4 - 1.5 Any complete stop
1.1 - 1.3 Complete fall without stop
0.8 - 1.0 Hard touchdown or front roll without stop
0.6 - 0.7 Medium touchdown without stop
0.1 - 0.5 Light touchdown without interruption
Definitions
Light Touchdown: Momentary touch with one or both hands.
Medium Touchdown: Touch with hips or arm(s).
Hard Touchdown: Back or side slap, or front roll.
Complete Fall: Full body contact, no weight on skis.
Complete Stop: A complete stop for any reason.
Notes
If a competitor does not stop or touch down, do not use the
Deductions category. All errors in form not involving a touchdown or stop should be scored
in the Turns category. Example: A competitor loses control and rides the tails of her skis
with no turns for 2 control gates. Maximum Turns score = 4.0. No marks for this in the
Deductions category.
A competitor loses his balance after a jump and does a back slap
then immediately continues skiing with no fall line break. Deductions = 0.8 - 1.0, and no
effect on Turns score.
A competitor shoots half the course (no turns). Maximum Turns score
= 2.5. No effect on Deductions score.
A competitor loses control and traverses 90 degrees to the course,
but doesn’t stop or touch. Turns points are reduced for the loss of fall line, loss
of control and (if appropriate) no turning between control gates.
A competitor has a complete fall and slides two control gates to a
stop, then continues skiing. Maximum Turns points = 4.0. Deductions = 1.5.
Falls After Jumps
- The jump is judged up to a safe, controlled landing.
- If the landing is missed the jump score is affected.
- Falls and touchdowns also affect the turn score.
It is recommended to take a 0.5 deduction for each section a
competitor loses control, at a course with 9 control gates (each control gate counts 1/10
of the course).
| Tie-Breaking Single
Mogul Format |
5 Judge Format
Tie breaking will be done by a comparison on a complete score by
complete score basis, with each line of the calculation shown below being truncated to two
decimal places.
The complete score for each Turns judge is calculated as follows:
Turns score plus one-third of the average (arithmetic mean) of the Air scores plus
one-third of the Speed points. The result is then truncated to two decimal places.
Score 1 Score 2 Score 3
J1+ (J4+J5)/6 + J2 + (J4+J5)/6 + J3 + (J4+J5)/6 +
(speed points)/3 (speed points)/3 (speed points)/3
In the event of a multiple way tie, the tie shall be broken by
adding up the total number of tie break points using a complete score by complete score
comparison, pair by pair as described below:
The skier will receive one tie break point for a higher complete
score, 0.5 for a tie and 0 for a lower complete score.
After comparing each skier in each tie, the skier's tie break points
will be added together. Skiers will be ranked in order of their total tie break points.
If still tied after this procedure, they will stay tied and
competitors will receive the same place.
Example:
Skier 1 7.03 6.83 7.33 1.5
Skier 2 7.23 6.83 7.03 1.5
Skier 1 7.03 6.83 7.33 2
Skier 3 6.76 7.16 7.16 1
Skier 2 7.23 6.83 7.03 1
Skier 3 6.76 7.16 7.16 2
1st Place Skier 1 total: 3.5
2nd Place Skier 3 total: 3
3rd Place Skier 2 total: 2.5
7 Judge Format
Tie breaking will be done by a comparison on a complete score by
complete score basis, with each line of the calculation shown below being truncated to two
decimal places.
The complete score for each Turns judge is calculated as follows:
Turns score plus one-third of the average (arithmetic mean) of the Air scores plus
one-third of the Speed points. The result is then truncated to two decimal places.
Score 1 Score 2 Score 3 Score 4 Score
5
J1+ (J6+J7)/6 + J2 + (J6+J7)/6 + J3 + (J6+J7)/6 + J4 + (J6+J7)/6 +
J5 + (J6+J7)/6 +
(speed points)/3 (speed points)/3 (speed points)/3 (speed points)/3
(speed points)/3
In the event of a multiple way tie, the tie shall be broken by
adding up the total number of tie break points using a complete score by complete score
comparison, pair by pair as described below:
The skier will receive one tie break point for a higher complete
score, 0.5 for a tie and 0 for a lower complete score.
After comparing each skier in each tie, the skier's tie break points
will be added together. Skiers will be ranked in order of their total tie break points.
If still tied after this procedure, they will stay tied and
competitors will receive the same place.
Example: Skier 1 7.03 6.83 7.33 6.83 7.23 2.5
Skier 2 7.23 6.83 7.03 7.33 6.83 2.5
Skier 1 7.03 6.83 7.33 6.83 7.23 4
Skier 3 6.76 7.16 7.16 6.56 7.16 1
Skier 2 7.23 6.83 7.03 7.33 6.83 2
Skier 3 6.76 7.16 7.16 6.56 7.16 3
1st Place Skier 1 total: 6.5
2nd Place Skier 2 total: 4.5
3rd Place Skier 3 total: 4
| Special Procedures:
Moguls |
Loss of Ski(s) and Stops
If a competitor loses a ski before the finish line he may finish on
one ski. The competitor will be judged according to their performance. If the competitor
does not continue the run and fails to put their ski back on in a 10 second time limit,
they will be judged up to that point (0 time points). If a competitor loses both skis,
they will be judged up to that point (0 time points). If a competitor stops in the mogul
course for more than 10 seconds, the competitor will be scored to that point (there are no
time points). The competitor should exit the course as soon as possible.
Number of Aerial Maneuvers
Prior to each mogul event, the Jury, with input from the Head Judge,
shall confirm the number of aerial maneuver recommended for the course. The number of
jumps shall be announced at the last Team Captains meeting prior to the event. All courses
will be two jump courses for international competitions.
The recommended number of aerial maneuvers shall not restrict the
competitor to the stated amount, but represents the number of aerial maneuvers that will
receive evaluation. For example, if two aerial maneuvers are recommended by the Jury, a
competitor who performs only one maneuvers can only receive a maximum of 50% of the total
possible aerial score. Maneuvers in excess of the recommended amount will be disregarded
in order of lowest to the highest scoring. If a jump is repeated the best one will
count. For example, if two aerial maneuvers are recommended and a competitor performs
three maneuvers, the judges will score the best two different maneuvers.
However, a competitor should be careful not to perform aerial
maneuvers in such excess that the judges scored for turns are negatively affected.
Selection of Pace Setters
World Cup Events
The pace setters will be selected from the top four (4) men and top
four (4) women available competitors from the previous mogul event based upon event
standings. For the first event of the season, pace setters will be selected based upon the
previous year’s standings.
Other Events
The pace setters will be selected by the Jury based upon
recommendations made at the Team Captains meeting.
Definition
The Dual Mogul competition shall consists of single elimination
rounds where two skiers compete to advance to the finals, while skiing on a steep, heavily
moguled course, stressing technical turns, aerial maneuvers and speed.
Scoring Procedures
In Dual Mogul Format, each judge shall determine which skier more
fully exhibits the requirements set forth in Rule 6204, Judging Criteria for Moguls, and
indicate such selection by the Dual Mogul system, corresponding to the course on which
such competitor competed.
The loser shall be eliminated and the winner move on to the next
round until the final placing are determined. See Rule 6206.4 for additional event
procedures.
Judging Procedure, Dual Mogul Format
Dual Moguls
The judging criteria used in the dual mogul elimination format shall
be the same as set forth in Rule 6204.1 "Turns" and Rule 6204.2 "Air".
Speed is a comparison of relative time as per rule 6304.2.3
Five Judges Format
A panel of five (5) judges shall administer scores based upon
specific duties for each judge as follows:
AIR - One (1) Judge
SPEED - One (1) Judges
TURNS - Two (2) Judges
OVERALL PERFORMANCE - One (1) Judge
J1 |
J2 |
J3 |
J4 |
J5 |
Turns |
Turns |
Speed |
Air |
Overall |
Seven Judge Format
A panel of seven (7) judges shall administer scores based upon
specific duties for each judge as follows:
AIR - Two (2) Judge
SPEED - One (1) Judges
TURNS - Four (4) Judges
J1 |
J2 |
J3 |
J4 |
J5 |
J6 |
J7 |
Turns |
Turns |
Turns |
Turns |
Air |
Air |
Speed |
Speed is a comparison of relative time as per rule 6304.2.3
Dual Mogul System
In the Dual Mogul system, each judge has a set of paddles that
remain out of view until the Head Judge announces "judges are ready to vote".
Then each judge raises the paddle chosen keeping it clearly visible for the competitors,
spectators, announcers and scorekeepers to see, until the Head Judge announces the command
`paddles down'.
The paddles should be round with a diameter of approximately 25 cm
on a handle of approximately 50 cm in length. The paddles are to be marked in a pie-format
in the correct proportions(5-0, 4-1, 3-2, 2-3, 1-4, 0-5) painted in colors red and/or
blue, on both sides, corresponding to the voting possibilities of the judges.
On the scaffolding in front of the respective judges, boards have to
be placed showing the judges scoring responsibility( T-turns, A-air, S-speed, O-overall)
Scoring
Each judge will have a total of five possible votes to cast, with
possible combinations of 5-0, 4-1, 3-2, 2-3, 1-4, or 0-5, for the red course vs. the blue
course. This results in 25 or 35 possible votes to be cast as follows:
7 Judges 5 Judges
Turns #1: 5 votes Turns #1 5 votes
Turns #2: 5 votes Turns #2 5 votes
Turns #3: 5 votes Air 5 votes
Turns #4: 5 votes Speed 5 votes
Air #1: 5 votes Overall 3 votes Turns
Air #2: 5 votes 2 votes Air
Speed: 5 votes
_______ _______
Total: 35 votes 25 votes
A score keeper will be on the judges stand assisting the Head Judge
to add up all the votes. The result will be written in the protocol and announced
immediately.
The winner of each match will be the skier who received the simple
majority of votes.
The score keeper is also responsible to note all decisions of each
judge on a protocol-form
Tie-Breaking 5 Judges Dual Mogul Format
If a tie arises in the 5 Judges Dual Mogul Format, then a rerun will
be granted. A tie could arise due to a tie in speed (both skiers across the line at the
same time) or a tie in the air (neither skier jumped), no votes will be registered for
that category. In addition, the Overall judge will not register a vote for Air if neither
skier jumped.
In the event of a tie in both speed and air, neither the air judge
nor the speed judge will register votes. In addition, the overall judge will not register
votes for air, leaving 13 votes registered, with no tie possible.
Tie-Breaking 7 Judges Dual Mogul Format
If a tie arises in SPEED or AIR or through a combination of both,
the judge by judge comparison will apply. If still tied after this procedure the
competitors will receive a rerun.
T1 T2 T3 T4 A1 A2 S (tied)
+ + + +
red 3 3 3 4 1 1 0 red+4 red wins
blue 2 2 2 1 4 4 0 blue+2
T1 T2 T3 T4 A1 A2 S (tied)
+ + +
red 3 3 3 2 2 2 0 red+3 stays tied
blue 2 2 2 3 3 3 0 blue+3 rerun
+ + +
In case there is a tie for the last place qualifying for dual mogul
finals, the following will apply: If two people are tied ( 8th place in women or 16th
place in men) the two will dual immediately before the first dual round. The winner will
advance to the first dual round. If more than two people are tied, i.e. a three way tie
for 8th place of the women, each will ski a single run with the winner advancing to the
duals.
Timing
Electronic timing has to be used at all events
Timing systems should be mounted for both courses so that the time
difference between the competitors can be calculated.
Judging Points will be awarded as Follows
- Both skiers are within 0.74 seconds = 3/2
- The time difference is between 0.75 and 1.49 seconds: = 4/1
- The time difference is equal to or greater than 1.5 seconds: = 5/0
| Special Procedures:
Dual Moguls |
Loss of Ski(s) and Stops
If a competitor loses a ski before the finish line he may finish on
one ski. The competitor will be judged according to their performance. If the competitor
does not continue the run and fails to put their ski back on in a 10 second time limit,
they will be judged up to that point (0 time points). If a competitor loses both skis,
they will be judged up to that point (0 time points). If a competitor stops in the mogul
course for more than 10 seconds, the competitor will be scored to that point (there are no
time points). The competitor should exit the course as soon as possible.
Number of Aerial Maneuvers
Prior to each mogul event, the Jury, with input from the Head Judge,
shall confirm the number of aerial maneuver recommended for the course. The number of
jumps shall be announced at the last Team Captains meeting prior to the event. All courses
will be two jump courses for international competitions.
The recommended number of aerial maneuvers shall not restrict the
competitor to the stated amount, but represents the number of aerial maneuvers that will
receive evaluation. For example, if two aerial maneuvers are recommended by the Jury, a
competitor who performs only one maneuver can only receive a maximum of 50% of the total
possible aerial score. Maneuvers in excess of the recommended amount will be disregarded
in order of lowest to the highest scoring. If a jump is repeated the best one will
count. For example, if two aerial maneuvers are recommended and a competitor
performs three maneuvers, the judges will disregard the lowest scoring maneuver.
However, a competitor should be careful not to perform aerial
maneuvers in such excess that the judges scored for turns are negatively affected.
Dual Mogul Format at World Cup Events.
The system for pairings for Dual Moguls will be determined by the
Rules and Technical Sub Committee. The course will be assigned (red course or blue course)
by a single toss of a coin. This will be performed by the Starter at the top of the course
immediately prior to the run by the competitors.
COMBINED
Definition
To receive points in Combined a competitor must have started in all
3 events (Moguls, Aerials and Acro).
Calculation
The Combined competition shall take place using only the elimination
scores and the Combined will be calculated comparing only Combined skiers. A Combined
skiers score in each event will be divided by the score of the highest scoring Combined
skier in that event. The resultant will be multiplied by 10 to determine the event score
and truncated to two decimal places. The 3 event scores will be added together with the
highest total score winning.
Tie Breaking
Ties in the combined will be broken if one competitor places higher
in two of the events. Failing this, the tie will not be broken.
Acro Moguls Aerials Combined
Skier 1 6 4 4 14
Skier 2 3 2 9 14
Therefore, Skier 2 wins by placing better in two of the events.